There was some debate and difference of opinion on Mike (mmd)'s thread on the Nova Scotia lifeboat. I undertook to consult my library when I returned home so here goes, drawing mostly from Cdr McKee's research with some John Leather to set out the British terminology.
A - Keel
B - Hog
C - My grandfather, working boats off the beach at Thanet called this the hog. However it is more usually the centre board of the bottom or burden boards, or keelson if more substantial and permanently fixed.
D - Bow Grating. If at the back Stern Sheets.
E - Timbers
F - Plank
G - Shear strake
H - Garboard
I - Gunwale, inwale or inwyre, depending on what part of the coast you come from.
J - Capping
K - Rubber or rubbing strake.
L - Breast hook
M - Thwart
N - Standing knees. If the arms run horizontal as on a sailing thwart they are lodging knees.
O - Thwart riser or Rising.
P - possibly a gang way, but only used on craft like rowing barges.
Q - Margin board
S - Bottom or burden boards
T - Bilge rail or keel. Made as small as possible. If on a surf boat or a boat rigged to sail and so likely to capsize will be provided with hand holes along its length.
X - Bilge rising or Skirting rail..
Not shown on the illustration.
Binding strake: the strake below the shear strake.
Chase or Gerralds: the square rebate in the top edge of a plank to allow the next one to fay the stem, sternpost or transom.
Hemming home, browing off, landing or soling: bevelling the lap to make a watertight fay with the next strake.
Landlists: Wear strips fastened under the laps to protect the edges from chafe.
Splay: an alternative to the chase where both planks have a rolling bevel on the ends of the land.
Featherers, Jack Nichols or whiskers: Short rubbing strips fitted at the shear butting the stem
If I have forgotten owt, shout.